 | Dictionary of New Testament Background (The IVP Bible Dictionary Series)
Buy new: $37.80 / Used from: $34.88 A tremendous resource with articles on about every conceivable subject. This one book will fill many gaps in your library.
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 | Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament (Oxford University Press Academic Monograph Reprints) by A.N. Sherwin-White
Buy used from: $10.97 One of the giants of classical history turns his attention to the New Testament's interaction with the Roman world.
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 | The Works of Josephus: Complete and Unabridged, New Updated Edition by Flavius Josephus
Buy new: $10.18 / Used from: $1.49 Josephus' works are a must for any New Testament library.
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 | Complete Dead Sea Scrolls by Geza Vermes
Buy new: $12.89 / Used from: $2.99 Another must. This book, by a leading Jewish scholar, brings sanity and clear commentary, as well as the primary documents themselves.
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 | From the Maccabees to the Mishnah (Library of Early Christianity) by Shaye J.D. Cohen
Buy used from: $0.85 Provides useful information about Judaism prior to, through, and after the time of Jesus.
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 | The First and Second Books of the Maccabees (Cambridge Bible Commentaries on the Apocrypha) by J. R. Bartlett
Buy new: $47.00 / Used from: $23.79 The commentary is excellent, and the primary documents themselves are important for understanding the development of Jewish ideas into the Second Temple period.
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 | New Testament Background: Selected Documents: Revised and Expanded Edition by Charles K. Barrett
Buy new: $17.95 / Used from: $5.61 An invaluable resource. Barrett includes excerpts from non-Christian primary source documents that give pagan, Roman, and Jewish background relevant to the New Testament.
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 | The Roman Citizenship by A. N. Sherwin-White
Buy new: $50.00 / Used from: $85.70 Another Sherwin-White resource. Helpful for understanding Acts and Paul.
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 | Rebecca's Children: Judaism and Christianity in the Roman World by Alan Segal
Buy new: $22.05 / Used from: $2.80 Segal's understanding of the historical Jesus is lacking, but the rest of his discussion is informative--especially on the development of Judaism up to and after the destruction of the Second Temple.
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 | Jesus & the Rise of Early Christianity: A History of New Testament Times by Paul Barnett
Buy new: $21.90 / Used from: $15.36 An excellent New Testament history, with detailed excurses that are worth the price of admission.
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 | New Testament History: A Narrative Account by Ben Witherington III
Buy used from: $25.83 The most up to date of the New Testament introductions. And an easy read to boot.
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 | New Testament History by F.F. Bruce
Buy new: $12.21 / Used from: $4.68 A classic by a giant in the field. Still very informative.
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 | New Testament History by Ph.D. Richard L. Niswonger
Buy new: $17.15 / Used from: $10.47 A solid New Testament history.
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