Product Description

Inside markets, innovation, and risk

Why do markets keep crashing and why are financial crises greater than ever before? As the risk manager to some of the leading firms on Wall Street–from Morgan Stanley to Salomon and Citigroup–and a member of some of the world’s largest hedge funds, from Moore Capital to Ziff Brothers and FrontPoint Partners, Rick Bookstaber has seen the ghost inside the machine and vividly shows us a world that is even riskier than we think. The very things done to make markets safer, have, in fact, created a world that is far more dangerous. From the 1987 crash to Citigroup closing the Salomon Arb unit, from staggering losses at UBS to the demise of Long-Term Capital Management, Bookstaber gives readers a front row seat to the management decisions made by some of the most powerful financial figures in the world that led to catastrophe, and describes the impact of his own activities on markets and market crashes. Much of the innovation of the last 30 years has wreaked havoc on the markets and cost trillions of dollars. A Demon of Our Own Design tells the story of man’s attempt to manage market risk and what it has wrought. In the process of showing what we have done, Bookstaber shines a light on what the future holds for a world where capital and power have moved from Wall Street institutions to elite and highly leveraged hedge funds.

Product Details

• Amazon Sales Rank: #2240 in Books
• Published on: 2007-04-06
• Number of items: 1
• Binding: Hardcover
• 288 pages

Review
"A risk-management maven who's been on Wall Street for decades…Bookstaber's book shows us some complex strategies that very smart people followed to seemingly reduce risk—but that led to huge losses." (Newsweek)

"Mr. Bookstaber is one of Wall Street's 'rocket scientists'--mathematicians lured from academia to help create both complex financial instruments and new computer models for making investing decisions. In the book, he makes a simple point: The turmoil in the financial markets today comes less from changes in the economy--economic growth, for example, is half as volatile as it was 50 years ago--and more from some of the financial instruments (derivatives) that were designed to control risk." (The New York Times)

"Bright sparks like Mr Bookstaber ushered in a revolution that fuelled the boom in financial derivatives and Byzantine 'structured products.' The problem, he argues, is that this wizardry has made markets more crisis-prone, not less so. It has done this in two ways: by increasing complexity, and by forging tighter links between various markets and securities, making them dangerously interdependent." (The Economist)

"He understands the inner workings of financial markets...A liberal sparkling of juicy stories from the trading floor..." (The Economist)

"…smart book…Part memoir, part market forensics, the book gives an insider's view…" (Bloomberg News)

"Like many pessimistic observers, Richard Bookstaber thinks financial derivatives, Wall Street innovation and hedge funds will lead to a financial meltdown. What sets Mr. Bookstaber apart is that he has spent his career designing derivatives, working on Wall Street and running a hedge fund." (The Wall Street Journal)

"Every so often [a book] pops out of the pile with something original to say, or an original way of saying it. Richard Bookstaber, in A Demon of Our Own Design: Markets, Hedge Funds, and the Perils of Financial Innovation, accomplishes both of these rare feats." (Fortune)

"a must-read amidst the current market chaos" (BusinessWeek.com)

"Bookstaber is a former academic who went on to head risk management for Morgan Stanley and now runs a large hedge fund. He knows the subject and has written a lucid and readable book. To his aid he calls mathematics (from Bertrand Russell to Godel's theorem); physics (particularly Heisenberg's uncertainty principle); and even -- meteorology." (Financial Times)

"The book covers a lot about risk management that is relevant to capital markets conditions today and the liquidity crisis." (Financial Times, Saturday 25th August)

"...an insider's guide to markets, hedge funds and the perils of financial innovation.  We saw plenty of those in 2007."  (The Sunday Telegraph, Sunday 25th November 2007)

"I cannot recommend this book too highly. It is a clear exposition of what the combination of derivatives, leverage and hedge funds can do to the markets.

In short, A Demon of our Own Design is a guide to the dangerous financial markets we have created for ourselves by the clever innovations of structured finance, derivatives, credit default swaps and other newfangled products that are a mystery to the ordinary investor and even plenty of the sophisticates in the investment business. To understand the demonic risks we're taking, read this book."--Forbes.com

From the Inside Flap

It's Wall Street's most painful paradox. Investors are more sophisticated than ever, are enabled by unprecedented technology, and protected by more government oversight and regulation than at any other time in history. Yet Wall Street is becoming a riskier and riskier place. Crashes and catastrophic losses seem commonplace. Hedge funds wreck on the financial shoals with a disturbingly familiar pattern. Worse, today's financial crises do not arise from economic instability or acts of nature, but from the very design of the financial markets themselves.

In A Demon of Our Own Design, Richard Bookstaber paints a vivid picture of a financial world that is ever edging toward disaster. As a hedge fund 'rocket scientist,' Bookstaber provides an insider's perspective to the tumultuous management decisions made by some of the world's most powerful financial figures from Warren Buffett to Sandy Weill to John Meriwether,as well as recounting his own contribution to market calamities. He designed some of the complex options and derivatives that, combined with the globalization of the world's markets and the ever-increasing speed of transactions, allow markets to slide out of control. And he explains why the best efforts of institutions on the front lines to create safeguards, manage risk, and regulate the markets may end up contributing to instability. Bookstaber argues that many of the financial innovations and regulations that are supposed to level the playing field instead make the markets more dangerous for all the players, big and small.

Drawing on his intimate knowledge of such infamous disasters as the 1987 Crash and the demise of Long-Term Capital Management, Bookstaber identifies the key areas that make markets vulnerable: liquidity that begets greater leverage; innovation that creates greater complexity; and a structure that demands a nonhuman level of rationality. The twofold solution he suggests—reducing complexity and breaking the tight coupling of transactions—goes against the prevailing winds of Wall Street, but will lead to a more robust and survivable market.

From the Back Cover
Praise for A Demon of Our Own Design

"This book is powerful stuff. When the hero of the story is a cockroach, you are assured of a controversial, illuminating, and fascinating discovery of where the financial risks really lurk and how to avoid them. Bookstaber knows whereof he speaks: I have read every word of his sophisticated essays on why market crises are inevitable, why investors are their own worst enemies, and how regulators should keep out of their way."
—Peter L. Bernstein, author of Against the Gods: The Remarkable Story of Risk

"Are you ready for the real deal? An insider, everysider view of the Wall Street calamities that have kept investing tantalizingly hot and frighteningly volatile since the crash of '87. For an in-depth, curtains-open, and coolly written exposition of Wall Street, Bookstaber is my man."
—Mark Rubinstein, Professor of Finance, UC Berkeley

"Exactly WHY do markets misbehave? Rick Bookstaber draws on his extensive knowledge of today's complex financial markets to set forth many of the reasons endogenous risk is so large AND so ominous. He understands one of the most sobering aspects of this risk: its sources are far too complex to be meaningfully assessed. This gives lie to current regulatory bromides that 'everything will be OK provided that we better assess and manage risk,' for the risks that matter most are non-assessable!"
—H. "Woody" Brock, President, Strategic Economic Decisions, Inc.

"Rick Bookstaber was at the nexus of many of the financial crises of the past twenty-five years. His recollections and smart analyses of markets, meltdowns, and the people who caused them make for a genuine thriller."
—Emanuel Derman, author of My Life as a Quant

Customer Reviews

An excellent Book
This is an excellent book for understanding the nature of and pitfalls in financial innovation. It is the first coherent account of I have read of the nature, the purpose, and the inherent risks of hedge funds. Anyone risking their money in financial markets should read it.

Good read? Yes. Practical? No
This book will be a great read if you want to know someone's way into the Wall Street's biggest companies and his experiences working in those companies, but you will not find anywhere in the book practical recommendations on how to manage risk of a fund. The author says that he was behind the October 1987 crash, because it's him who started the program trading at Morgan Stanley and then other firms started doing the same thing. By accumulating the hedge from the short side in S&P 500 futures they caused a crash. It sounds to me like Dr. Richard Bookstaber is proud that he was the one who was somehow connected to the crash of 1987. The most interesting part of the book was about Bookstaber's career at Salomon Brothers. The chapters about Salomon's arbitrage team in Japan are exciting. Rob Stavis and Andy Fisher brought a lot of dough to the firm and then left it. The money making technique is explained in the book as well, but then again, how did they manage the risk when they got into troubles? The trade of 1993 by Larry Hilibrand at Salomon is an amazing example of the real TRADER, someone who doesn't fear the risk and in the end takes it all. The position was in a loss of 300 millions dollars and ended up with a nice 1 billion $ profit for the company. But again, no strict money management rules were mentioned here. It was the board of directors of Salomon that let Hilibrand stick to the position and even increase it, why Dr. Bookstaber, the company's risk manager, didn't manage the situation remains unclear to me. The chapters of Complexity, Tight Coupling, and Normal Accidents contain too much explanation of the workings of a nuclear plant. Why a trader needs to know that? Why couldn't you simply bring examples instead of going into details like: " The operators resorted to what is termed high pressure injection to force cool water into the core. This raised issues of its own, as the sudden injection of cold water into the superheated core could crack the structure." (Page 150). Why do you think it's important for a reader to know the details of a nuclear plant structure and its functionality? The most boring part would be "Liquidity in Three Easy Lessons". Here you'd read something like:" The implications of primogeniture were most evident in the social organization of the countryside" (Page 216). Why should someone who is reading a book on risk management and trading read about countryside of medieval England? Eventually Bookstaber - Langsam paper "On The Optimality of Coarse Behavior Rules" was interesting and you could learn some surviving principles from this chapter. In the end of the book the author talks about reducing the complexity of the financial instrument and minimizing leverage as a way to prevent the crashes and make the markets robust. I doubt that reducing the leverage will help the markets become more robust, reduced complexity could do that. Is it a good read? Yes. Is it a practical book? No.

Fine -- but how do you simply impose simpler finacial systems
The main point of this book is that as long as we have growing complexity in financial markets we are always going to have "accidents". Complex new rules and laws are not the answer, because "... trying to regulate a market entangled in complexity can lead to unintended consequences new safeguards add more complexity." On the final page Mr. Bookstaber recommends a solution to this problem: "... simpler financial instruments and less leverage will create a market that is more robust and survivable." And the book ends there. The author does not go on to discuss the inevitable problems implementation of his idea would encounter. How do you enforce the use of simpler financial instrument in a free market? Would not laws and rules written to require the use of simpler financial instruments and on the other hand forbid the use of those that are "too complex" become too complex themselves? Look at the results of our efforts to simplify our tax code. The question of how do we actually create the desirable coarse response mechanism of the cockroach in society of non-cockroaches is not addressed.
But the author deserves four stars for great job of describing the problem.