Product Description

A rare look inside the world of activist hedge funds from one of this country's top investors

In 2002, David Einhorn, the President of Greenlight Capital, gave a speech at a charity investment conference and was asked to share his best investment idea. He described his reasons why Greenlight had sold short the shares of Allied Capital, a leader in the private finance industry.

What followed was a firestorm of controversy. Allied responded with a Washington, D.C. style spin-job-attacking Einhorn and disseminating half-truths and outright lies. Undeterred by the spin-job and lies, Greenlight continued its research after the speech and discovered Allied's behavior was far worse than Einhorn ever suspected. Fooling Some of the People All of the Time is the gripping chronicle of this saga, and this edition contains all new updates from the author. Page by page, it delves deep inside Wall Street, showing how the $6 billion hedge fund Greenlight Capital conducts its investment research and detailing the maneuvers of an unscrupulous company. Along the way, you'll witness feckless regulators, compromised politicians, and the barricades our capital markets have erected against exposing misconduct from important Wall Street customers.

• Goes behind the scenes to detail the truth about investing, short selling, and the politics of business
• Shows the failings of Wall Street: its investment banks, analysts, journalists, and especially our government regulators
• Offers insights into the battles surrounding hedge funds
• Reveals the immense difficulties that prevent the government from sanctioning politically connected companies

At its most basic level, Allied Capital is the story of Wall Street at its worst. But the story is much bigger than one little-known company. Fooling Some of the People All of the Time is an important call for effective law enforcement, free speech, and fair play.

Product Details

• Amazon Sales Rank: #20709 in Books
• Published on: 2008-05-02
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Binding: Hardcover
• 380 pages

Review
"Instead of stewing in private, Einhorn wrote a book "Fooling Some of the People All of the Time" about his six-year ordeal with Allied." (Daily Mail, September 18, 2008)

From the Inside Flap
In 2002, David Einhorn, the President of Greenlight Capital, gave a speech at a charity investment conference to benefit a children's cancer hospital. He was asked to share his best investment idea, so he did. He described his reasons why Greenlight had sold short the shares of Allied Capital, a leader in the private finance industry. Greenlight bet that the stock would decline because the company's business was in trouble and its accounting was corrupt. Einhorn's speech was so compelling that the next day, when the New York Stock Exchange opened for trading, Allied's shares remained closed. So many investors wanted to sell or short the stock that the NYSE could not balance all the sell orders to open Allied’s trading in an orderly fashion.

What followed was a firestorm of controversy. Allied responded with a Washington, D.C.–style spin-job— attacking Einhorn and disseminating half-truths and outright lies. Rather than protect investors by reviewing Einhorn's well-documented case against Allied, the SEC—at the behest of the politically connected Allied— instead investigated Einhorn for stock manipulation. Over the ensuing six years, the SEC allowed Allied

to make the problem bigger by approving more than a dozen additional stock offerings that raised over $1 billion from new investors. Undeterred by the spin-job, lies, and investigations, Greenlight continued its research after the speech and discovered Allied’s behavior was far worse than Einhorn ever suspected— and, shockingly, it continues to this day.

Fooling Some of the People All of the Time is the gripping chronicle of this ongoing saga. Page by page, it delves deep inside Wall Street, showing how the $6 billion hedge fund Greenlight Capital conducts its investment research and detailing the maneuvers of an unscrupulous company. Along the way, you'll witness feckless regulators, compromised politicians, and the barricades our capital markets have erected against exposing misconduct from important Wall Street customers. You will also discover the immense difficulties that prevent the government from sanctioning politically connected companies—making future Enrons inevitable. This revealing book shows the failings of Wall Street: its investment banks, analysts, journalists, and especially our government regulators.

At its most basic level, Allied Capital is the story of Wall Street at its worst. But the story is much bigger than one little-known company. Fooling Some of the People All of the Time is an important call for effective law enforcement, free speech, and fair play.

From the Back Cover
"This book is a must-read for any investor who wants to know how far some companies will go in their quest to keep the real story from coming out."
—Herb Greenberg, Senior Columnist, MarketWatch.com

"In Fooling Some of the People All of the Time, David Einhorn, one of the great investors of all time tells one of the great investment tales of all time. This is a book in which you will learn about investing, short selling, and the politics of business. David is not only a great investor, but a wonderful storyteller. I recommend it wholeheartedly for your brain and your pocketbook."
—William A. Ackman, Pershing Square Capital Management, L.P.

"In the world of finance, as in the worlds of politics or science, free speech and open debate are essential. Sadly, our current system is rigged against bearers of bad news, and short sellers are an oppressed minority. David Einhorn's amazing story of scam artists, corporate doubletalk, clueless regulators, and sleazy lawyers is a gripping narrative. A great read."
—Owen Lamont, Fellow, International Center for Finance, Yale School of Management

An unscrupulous company has cost the U.S. taxpayers hundreds of millions of dollars. As it has happened, our government regulators have been at best derelict and at worst complicit. The company is headquartered in the political power center of Washington, D.C., where it has established enormous influence that has protected it. It is a large customer of Wall Street, which predictably lends it strong support.

In Fooling Some of the People All of the Time, David Einhorn—founder of the successful hedge fund Greenlight Capital—takes you on a fascinating journey that begins with his discovery that Allied Capital's accounting appeared corrupt. This led to Einhorn describing his hedge fund’s short position in the company at a charity speech (go to www.foolingsomepeople.com to watch), and what follows is a battle for the truth that continues to this very day. The story would make for a great forensic financial mystery novel—except it’s all true.

If you think we're past the days of corporate corruption and financial fraud, think again. Fooling Some of the People All of the Time details the harsh reality of how the current environment on Wall Street not only allows for such behavior, but how it protects the companies that participate in such activities and attacks those who attempt to uncover them. This is a story about investing, business ethics, and how our government should—but often doesn’t—protect investors and taxpayers.

Customer Reviews

Detailed insight into both a hedge fund and a loan company's abuse of the system
The book is really close to being 2 or 3 books in one. Initially heard about the book in the WSJ, I pre-ordered it on Amazon and took a few weeks to read.
In the first part Mr. Einhorn writes several chapters aimed at a non-professional investor to build the background of how a hedge fund invests, building the reader's knowledge from zero to fluent enough to understand the book. There's a glossary in the back of the book to refer to if you forget any of the terms. In fact, later on Mr. Einhorn's open and full disclosure of his investing philosophy, technique, and results contrast with those of Allied Capital and its collection of LLCs.

The second part of the book builds from a small trickle to a river of fraud, and frankly this is the hardest part to get through. You're directed to watch Mr. Einhorn's speech on the web in order to understand a dissection of reactions that follow, and I admit that I felt as if I was reading a story from somebody who was picked on too much in the schoolyard and is taking revenge by writing a book. As I kept reading the chapters the story suddenly took me by surprise (around P.200 or so).

It then becomes a story of how, if you were to implement a business poorly and needed to keep it going no matter what, you would do whatever it took to keep paying a dividend to keep your stock from tanking. You might start by fibbing on the health of the business one year, sell healthy companies to hide your true results a few years later, and start directing campaign donations to the right parties a few years later. In for a penny, in for a pound. Mr. Einhorn didn't mention, but in years past I have read, that Enron kept going for so long because they did a good job spreading their money around to both the politicians and the local community. Mr. Einhorn does mention how much many parts of the US (Wall Street, the various parts of government, and mom-and-pop investors) want to continue the company so as not to lose whatever interest they have vested into the company or system.

In the end I feel educated about his hedge fund, I feel in over my head on how to value a company's investments if the company is similar to Allied Capital, I feel a bit angry on how narrow the scope and small the punishment delivered (but not surprised - I've seen how narrow the scope of investigations of companies are before), and I feel that Mr. Einhorn has, for lack of a more subtle way of putting it, wasted enough of his life worrying about this company. You're not going to get back the years you've spent. You should go on to enjoy something else in life (but I appreciate the sacrifice you made so I could read about this in a book).

David Einhorn isn't fooling anyone but himself
Overview:
David Einhorn, founder of a successful Wall Street hedge fund, has written a book which describes the controversy surrounding David's hedge fund selling short Allied Capital. While David makes some very damning points about Allied's management, he does not prove his central thesis, namely that Allied engaged in fraud. Despite this flaw, the book is still a worthwhile read.

Background
David's conclusion about ALD were based on his previous experience shorting Sirrom, a company that *was* a fraud and subsequently went bankrupt. Sirrom was in the same industry as Allied, namely loans to small businesses. David concluded that ALD must be a fruad since they, like Sirrom, did not write down the value of troubled assets in a timely manner and management was less than truthful when confronted with this fact (pg. 52). Referring to ALD's managers, David writes "people who are willing to lie about small things have no problem lying about big things" (pg. 64). The rest of the book, almost 300 pages, is David's attempt, unsuccessful in my estimation, to substantiate this claim.

Why "Fooling..." is Worth Reading
Despite the fundamental flaw of stating a thesis that he then fails to substantiate, "Fooling..." is still a worthwhile read for four reasons:
1) David has made a lot of money, and his investment methodology is explained in detail. This is unique, and worthy of serious study.
2) The book documents the inability of regulatory authorities to protect investors from dishonest management practices. Very sobering. Allied did engage in a number of unauthorized accounting practices that victimized it's investors, and none of it's managers were ever punished. In fact, they got rich at their investors expense.
3) It shows that even superstar investors are human. On display is how a very rich man's obsession with proving he is right drove him to stick with a losing position, pouring time and resources into what became a personal crusade. I have made this mistake on a much smaller scale, and I imagine most investors have. Obviously, the book did not intend to teach this lesson, but there it is.
4) Allieds is a "Business Development Corporations" (BDC), and the book explains how BDCs operate and make their money. David opines that BDCs are similar to junk bond funds, but are riskier (pg. 48). BDCs in general are very lucrative and pay high distributions when the USA economy is doing well, and tend to lose a lot of money during a recession. There is a lot of info here that investors can put to work.

Synopsis of Events:
David Einhorn, who is about as successful as a man can be on Wall Street without being Warren Buffet, concluded that Allied Capital is a fraud. He invested almost 8% of his hedge fund selling ALD short (he profits if ALD goes down, loses if it goes up). He then proceeded to try to get regulatory authorities, including the SEC and Eliot Spitzer (at the time the NY Attorney General) to investigate improper practices at Allied. For his efforts, he got investigated himself by these authorities. He recently published "Fooling Some of the People All of the Time" to prove he is right, and the rest of the world (SEC, financial press, investors, the stock market) are all wrong. David calls ALD a "ponzi scheme" (pg. 330), continually raising new capital to pay the dividend. While this claim should be easy to substantiate, no evidence or proof of any kind is offered. David predicts that eventually, ALD's fraudulent practices will cause the demise of the company. When the book was published, despite 6 years of intense effort on David's part to expose ALD, he lost money on his position (when you factor in dividends which he had to pay having shorted the stock).

Epilogue
Today, 8 years after his accusation were first made, ALD is still in business. While it's stock price has under-performed the market, when you factor in the dividends (actually tax distributions) it has been a pretty decent investment. It is hard to imagine how a company that systematically defrauded it's investors could survive 8 years of constant hostile scrutiny from a smart and rich hedge fund, paying hefty dividends the whole time. If it was a ponzy scheme, it should have imploded years ago. As far as I am concerned, this fact, combined with David's lack of hard evidence, disproves his thesis.

An important work
It would suffice that this book is well-written, engaging and informative, but it is more than that. It is an important book, for two reasons. First, it shows how much of an investment edge it can be to employ deep research and critical thought. The fact that many other investors continued to be fooled by the company even after Einhorn published his analysis may seem frustrating to the reader, but as an investor I view that reaction as confirmatory that there will always be lots of ways for independent, meticulous thinkers to make money. Second, the book demonstrates how difficult and lonely it can be to engage in activist investing, especially from the short side. Consistent with the story in this book, I have almost invariably found that the more correct the activist's views are, the more likely s/he will be subjected to ad hominem attacks; and that, when presented with cogent evidence of a serious problem, government officials either do nothing or protect the malefactor. Indeed, the business news of the last nine months is replete with examples of this. I am unaware of another book on investing that captures this second element. It is all the more commendable that Einhorn can tell this incredibly frustrating tale calmly, resisting the temptation to engage in histrionics or self-righteousness.