Product Description

Since the Enlightenment, science and religion have had an adversarial relationship. Some scientists now see the two converging as they try to persuade people that the latest science discoveries prove the truth of their religion. Physicist Victor J. Stenger does not agree. Focusing on such diverse subjects as recent advances in cosmology, reports of psychic phenomena, and the purported benefits of prayer and alternative medicine, he reaches some startling conclusions.

Product Details

• Amazon Sales Rank: #351472 in Books
• Published on: 2003-04
• Original language: English
• Number of items: 1
• Binding: Hardcover
• 373 pages

Review
"...Stenger persuasively argues that nothing in modern science supports spiritual or supernatural explanations..." -- The Bookwatch, July 2003

"...gives an excellent overview of the physical science based arguments for the existence of God..." -- Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith, March 2004

"Stenger argues persuasively against claims that science has found evidence for God or cosmic purpose." -- TechCentralStation.com

"this polemical, no-holds-barred, personal, often idiosyncratic survey is a fresh look at the 'evidence' for God...do read it." -- Research News & Opportunities in Science and Theology

From the Inside Flap
In the past few years a number of scientists have claimed that there is credible scientific evidence for the existence of God. In 1998 "Newsweek" went so far as to proclaim on its cover, 'Science Finds God.' Is this true? Are scientists close to solving the greatest of all mysteries? Is this the end of the age-old conflict between science and religion? Physicist Victor J. Stenger delves into these fascinating questions from a skeptical point of view in this lucid and engrossing presentation of the key scientific facts.

Stenger critically reviews the attempts of many contemporary theologians and some scientists to resurrect failed natural theologies in new guises. Whether these involve updated arguments from design, "anthropic" coincidences, or modern forms of deism, Stenger clearly shows that nothing in modern physics, biology, or cosmology required supernatural explanation and that those who claim evidence for intelligent design in the universe have made a number of fundamental scientific errors.

Through an extensive discussion of the origin and nature of the universe and its laws, he offers naturalistic explanations for empirical observations that are frequently given theistic interpretations: for example, that information in the universe implies an intelligent designer, that a universe with a beginning requires a Creator, and that the elegant laws of physics suggest a transcendent realm. Three valuable appendices are included to help readers appreciate the scientific reasoning.

From his standpoint as an experimental physicist, Stenger goes on to argue that alleged spiritual, nonmaterial phenomena do not lie beyond the experimental reach of science. He critically assesses claims that positive effects of intercessory prayer and other types of spiritual intervention have been demonstrated in controlled scientific experiments. Examining the reports of evidence for psychic phenomena and the benefits of alternative medicine, Stenger concludes that none of these reports pass the normal tests that science applies to determine if a stated claim can be confirmed.

Although this thorough and carefully reasoned volume covers much ground, readers will appreciate Stenger's engaging style and his clear explanations of the concepts involved.

About the Author
Victor J. Stenger is emeritus professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Hawaii, adjunct professor of philosophy at the University of Colorado, and founder and president of the Colorado Citizens for Science. He is the author of TIMELESS REALITY, THE UNCONSCIOUS QUANTUM, PHYSICS AND PSYCHICS, and NOT BY DESIGN.

Customer Reviews

One of the Best
Of all the skeptical literature I have encountered dealing with the question of the existence of God and the supernatural, the books and essays of Physics Professor Victor Stenger have been among the most influential in steering me towards the philosophical position of atheistic naturalism. Dr. Stenger's compelling analysis, insight, and experience in dealing with issues lying at the interface between science and religion are admirably displayed in his well-balanced yet cogent new book, "Has Science Found God?" The book is rather unique in the skeptical literature in that it approaches the question of God from an empirical perspective (rather than just on the basis of philosophical arguments), persuasively arguing that God is an empirically confirmable hypothesis: If God exists, we should be able to find unambiguous evidence for his existence (for example, in evaluating the efficacy of prayer).
The central question Stenger addresses in the book is: Does our current scientific understanding of the world provide support for the existence of God or the supernatural? Has, indeed, science found God, as claimed by many religionists, including some theistically-minded scientists? Stenger concludes that current scientific data offer little support for the existence of God or for a supernatural realm beyond the natural world. However, Stenger correctly points out that science is non-dogmatic with regard to existence claims. Should phenomena or observations appear in the future which cannot be explained naturalistically, and which point to none other than a supernatural explanation, science should and will examine them. Thus, contrary to the claims of many religionists, science is not committed to metaphysical naturalism, and supernatural explanations do indeed have consequences that in principle should be empirically verifiable. All science asks for is evidence, as evidence and consistency with current knowledge is the only way to distinguish claims which are false from those which might have some basis in reality. Religionists cannot have it both ways, arguing that God is both undetectable and unfalsifiable, yet causally interacts with the world and intervenes in human affairs.
Stenger provides wholly naturalistic explanations consistent with current physics for the existence of the universe and its apparent "fine-tuning" for the emergence of (our form of) life, thus refuting the claim that a supernatural explanation is required. Stenger shows that no violation of the great conservation laws of physics, (e.g., the first and second laws of thermodynamics) necessarily occurred during the big bang and in the emergence of life: Current physics allows a zero-energy symmetric void to produce a non-empty universe with a total net energy of zero, thereby fulfilling energy conservation. An expanding universe allows local pockets of order to spontaneously form as the total allowable entropy of the universe increases. Current physical cosmological theories imply that our universe may be but a small bubble of an eternally inflating "multiverse" comprised of a potentially infinite number of universes characterized by different physical constants, thus providing a naturalistic explanation for the apparent "bio-friendly" conditions of our universe. Thus, Stenger argues, the universe is not tuned to us, but rather we are tuned to the universe. He also indicates how the great conservation laws of physics are simply consequences of the space and time symmetries of the void.
Stenger skillfully dismantles Dembski's information-theoretic argument for intelligent design and shows claims for the existence of paranormal phenomena and for the efficacy of prayer to be without scientific merit. Stenger persuasively argues that studies of ESP and other "psi" phenomena conducted over the past century have been flawed both experimentally and in their statistical analysis of data, and at best show results that are questionable or inconclusive.
Ultimately, the power of Stenger's book lies in its honest and objective appraisal of the facts that are currently available. While science cannot prove the non-existence of any entity, whether it be God or the soul, there is no reason why the existence of such extraordinary and presumably influential entities should not be compellingly revealed through scientific inquiry. Stenger concludes that the empirical facts support a Godless universe described by natural laws and in no need of supernatural explanation. Thus, God is a superfluous, non-parsimonious hypothesis that should be sliced away by Occam's razor. Besides, even if a God were introduced as an explanation, what would that really solve? We would then have to explain where God came from, thus leading to infinite regress. As the philosophical argument goes, If the universe has to be created and designed then so does God- and if God does not need to be created and designed, then neither does the universe. In fact, Stenger points out that current physics implies an eternal, time-symmetric universe that was not created, thereby rendering a supernatural explanation for the universe irrelevant. In conclusion, I cannot recommend this important book enough to those interested in the interface between science and religion, and especially to those who are "on the fence" in deciding between theism and naturalism. This is the kind of book that can persuade agnostics and even some open-minded theists to embrace atheistic naturalism as the only intellectually responsible and parsimonious philosophical position to adopt in light of our current scientific understanding of the world.

Has Humanity Found Science?
I laughed, I cried, I stroked my chin pensively. This book sheds a rare light on the most fundamental questions ever posed about the nature of reality. It gives us the benefit of scientific knowledge and methods, but without having to be scientists ourselves, which is pretty darn convenient. Anyone who wants to know how we can approach the "Big Questions" through science gets a good demonstration in "Has Science Found God?".

The book carefully and dispassionately addresses claims made by various religious sources that science supports their belief in a God of some sort. Some of these claims can be checked out on a factual basis, and this book does that in spades.

At other times, those same sources have also said that their God is beyond the scope of scientific investigation, so it's not quite clear what they really mean.

As confusing and uncertain as we may find humanity's sometimes fumbling journey of scientific discovery, many find it much more helpful and accomplished than the strange and wildly unreliable ways of faith.

As far as the impassioned, melodramatic criticisms of this book go, merely dismissing evidence or arguments we may find personally objectionable as "propaganda" is not a very reliable way to figure out the facts. As soon as the anti-science types come up with something better than science for learning about ourselves and our universe, then we can take them seriously. But to date, they don't got jack, and they don't even step up to the plate - it's heckling from the bleachers. I prefer the approach taken by Stenger in this book.

What hath Stenger wrought?
Stenger's book sketches the stormy road travelled since the science revolution of the 17th century and leads us up to the present, where the two titanic worldviews of Mythos and Logos are locked in a mighty death struggle. Appropriately, the preface begins with a commentary on the cataclysmic events of 9/11.

To borrow Plato's Cave analogy, Stenger is the slayer of shadows on the Cave wall. One by one, he demonstrates how each flickering supernatural shadow is but an illusion born of hopes, fears, a desire to control others, and to calm ourselves in the face of a capricious Nature.

There is, of course, a problem with leading people out of the Cave, as philosophers from Plato to Strauss have noted. What happens when we emerge from the warm, dark, cozy womb of illusion into the vast, glittering, majestic world of the real Cosmos? Gone is the anchoring (if stiffling) notion of being umbilically connected to an omnipotent creator and the constant focus of his angry-but-loving attention. Instead we find ourselves to be sovereign entities in a stunningly beautiful and overwhelmingly vast material universe, risen from bacteria, not fallen from grace; free to negotiate our destiny as individuals and as a species, but very much alone. The philosophers feared mass nihilism and despair if the common folk ever discovered the supernatural world is a noble lie.

Stenger does not give many tips on how to survive being born from the Cave into the Cosmos. As a physcist, perhaps curiosity provides all the ambroisa he needs to nourish his spirit. For the non-scientists among us, especially the poetically inclined, the story doesn't end with our birth from the Cave. Rather we are just beginning the preface of a new story, a story so exhilerating and awe-inspiring that our descendents will look back on the shallow myths of our generation and be amazed that any of us found substenance in the shabby worn-out stories from antiquity.

Birth is a bloody and traumatic experience. Many will react to Stenger's book as a newborn reacts to being thrust from his own comfy little cave - with a wailing "Waaaaaa-haaaaa!" -- not to mention clenched fists and kicking feet.

But it gets better for the newborn. The dark, warm, watery cave is quickly forgotten as he becomes absorbed in a brilliant unfolding new world of perceptions and sensations. It will get better for us, too, when the poets pick up where Stenger left off, and begin weaving from science, new stories of humanity's life in the Cosmos, and new, more effective ways to negotiate our existence.