 | The Philosophical Writings of Descartes: Volume 2 by Rene Descartes
Buy new: $27.29 / Used from: $9.48 Best edition. Notably includes the complete Objections and Replies. You may want to supplement with "Discourse" and "First Philosophy".
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 | An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (Clarendon Edition of the Works of John Locke) by John Locke
Buy new: $35.64 / Used from: $8.04 The other side of the picture: Empiricism.
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 | The Philosophy of Leibniz by Bertrand Russell
Buy new: $42.95 / Used from: $17.92 Russell tries to piece together Leibniz's difficult philosophical program.
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 | G. W. Leibniz's Monadology by Nicholas Rescher
Buy new: $19.19 / Used from: $10.10 Eclectic but worth reading. It's impressive to know about it, anyway.
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 | Principles of Human Knowledge and Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Phil (Penguin Classics) by George Berkeley
Buy new: $10.92 / Used from: $4.24 Don't know about this edition, but the texts are important in the development of modern philosophy.
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 | A Treatise of Human Nature (Oxford Philosophical Texts) by David Hume
Buy new: $18.90 / Used from: $6.29 Big treatise. The first "book" is considered the most important. The others can be gleaned from secondary sources.
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 | An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding (Oxford Philosophical Texts) by David Hume
Buy new: $12.21 / Used from: $3.29 The "easier" version, with new problems and thoughts addressed. Hume is, obviously, a pretty important fella.
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 | The Cambridge Companion to Hume (Cambridge Companions to Philosophy)
Buy used from: $4.98 A substantive philosopher requires further discussion to be properly understood.
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 | Critique of Pure Reason (The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant in Translation) by Immanuel Kant
The end of an era. If ever there was a must-read book in the category of dusty-old-treatises, this is it. Addresses metaphysics and epistemology.
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 | Practical Philosophy (The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant in Translation) by Immanuel Kant
Buy new: $140.00 / Used from: $89.00 The next critique (and other moral writings, but for $100, a bit pricey). The topic: ethics.
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 | Critique of the Power of Judgment (The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant in Translation) by Immanuel Kant
Buy new: $30.23 / Used from: $24.91 Incidentally, these Cambridge editions are great, albeit expensive. The topic: aesthetics and teleology.
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 | The Cambridge Companion to Kant and Modern Philosophy (Cambridge Companions to Philosophy)
Buy new: $32.28 / Used from: $24.82 Useful analysis and essaying. If Hume deserves extra study, Kant certainly does, too!
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 | A History of Western Philosophy by Bertrand Russell
Buy new: $18.00 / Used from: $3.21 Borderline useless as a history. But a lot of fun reading Russell's perspective on things.
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 | Science of Logic (Muirhead Library of Philosophy) by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Buy used from: $60.92 Useless! This path leads you toward continental philosophy.
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 | The Frege Reader (Blackwell Readers) by Gottlob Frege
Buy new: $46.46 / Used from: $19.65 This path leads to analytic philosophy. Have a brain, follow the clearly marked, respectable, productive road.
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